1 Corinthians 13 What Is Love Essay

The Excellence of Love (1 Corinthians 13)1 If I speak with the tongues of men and of angels, but do not have love, I have become a noisy gong or a clanging cymbal. 2If I have the gift of prophecy, and know all mysteries and all knowledge; and if I have all faith, so as to remove mountains, but do not have love, I am nothing. 3 And if I give all my possessions to feed the poor, and if I surrender my body to be burned, but do not have love, it profits me nothing. 4 Love is patient, love is kind and is not jealous; love does not brag and is not arrogant, 5 does not act unbecomingly; it does not seek its own, is not provoked, does not take into account a wrong suffered, 6 does not rejoice in unrighteousness, but rejoices with the truth; 7 bears all things, believes all things, hopes all things, endures all things. 8 Love never fails; but if there are gifts of prophecy, they will be done away; if there are tongues, they will cease; if there is knowledge, it will be done away. 9 For we know in part and we prophesy in part; 10 but when the perfect comes, the partial will be done away. 11 When I was a child, I used to speak like a child, think like a child, reason like a child; when I became a man, I did away with childish things. 12 For now we see in a mirror dimly, but then face to face; now I know in part, but then I will know fully just as I also have been fully known. 13 But now faith, hope, love, abide these three; but the greatest of these is love.

The Future of Biopsychology-Obesity

NORTHCENTRAL UNIVERSITY ASSIGNMENT COVER SHEET Learner: Consuela Kelly-Crisler THIS FORM MUST BE COMPLETELY FILLED IN Please Follow These Procedures: If requested by your mentor, use an assignment cover sheet as the first page of the word processor file. Use â€Å"headers† to indicate your course code, assignment number, and your name on each page of the assignment/homework including this assignment cover sheet. . Keep a Photocopy or Electronic Copy Of Your Assignments: You may need to re-submit assignments if your mentor has indicated that you may or must do so.Academic Integrity: All work submitted in each course must be the Learner’s own. This includes all assignments, exams, term papers, and other projects required by the faculty mentor. The knowing submission of another persons work represented as that of the Learner’s without properly citing the source of the work will be considered plagiarism and will result in an unsatisfactory grade for the work submitte d or for the entire course, and may result in academic dismissal. PSY5106Dr. Nicol Moreland BiopsychologyAssignment 8 Faculty Use Only The Future of Biopsychology- Obesity Consuela Kelly-CrislerNorthcentral University Biopsychology PSY5106 Dr. Nicol Moreland December 9, 2012 A person is considered obese when his or her weight is 20% or more above normal weight. The most common measure of obesity is the body mass index or BMI. A person is considered overweight if his or her BMI is between 25 and 29. 9; a person is considered obese if his or her BMI is over 30. â€Å"Morbid obesity† means that a person is either 50%-100% over normal weight, more than 100 pounds over normal weight, has a BMI of 40 or higher, or is sufficiently overweight to severely interfere with health or normal function (What is Obesity? 2012).Obesity occurs when a person consumes more calories than he or she burns. For many people this boils down to eating too much and exercising too little. But there are ot her factors that also play a role in obesity. People tend to gain weight as they get older, even if they don’t alter their eating habits. This is because the human metabolism slows down as we age. We don’t need to take in as many calories as we used to in order to maintain the same weight. Therefore, we store more of the food we take in as fat. Women tend to be overweight more often than men because men tend to burn calories at a higher rate (What is Obesity? 012). Obesity and thinness seems to have a have a nature versus nurture component. If a patient’s biological mother is heavy as an adult, there is approximately a 75% chance that she will be heavy. Likewise, the children of thin parents have a 75% chance of being thin (What is Obesity? 2012). This doesn’t mean that the child of obese parents has to be obese, though. Many find ways to keep the weight off. Genetics are important, but lifestyle choices such as eating and exercise habits are, too. Less a ctive people tend to require less calories than more active people; they don’t need as much fuel because they’re doing less work.Physical activity also causes the body to burn calories faster on average, and decreases appetite. People exercising less is thought to be a leading cause of obesity over the last 20 years. Psychological factors also influence eating habits and obesity. Many people eat in response to negative emotions such as boredom, sadness, or anger. People who have difficulty with weight management may be facing more emotional and psychological issues; about 30% of people who seek treatment for serious weight problems have difficulties with binge eating.During a binge-eating episode, people eat large amounts of food while feeling they can't control how much they are eating. (Obesity Facts, 2012) Obesity can be caused by illness, though people blame more cases of obesity on illness than is actually true. Illnesses sometimes responsible for obesity include hypothyroidism (poorly acting thyroid slows metabolism), depression, and some rare diseases of the brain that can lead to overeating. Social factors, including poverty and a lower level of education, have been linked to obesity.One reason for this may be that high-calorie processed foods cost less and are easier to find and prepare than healthier foods, such as fresh vegetables and fruits. However, the link between low socioeconomic status and obesity has not been conclusively established, and recent obesity research shows that childhood obesity, for instance, is also increasing among high-income groups. The best methods of obesity treatment are dieting and physical exercise. Obese people should adjust their diet to reduce fat and sugar consumption, and increase dietary fiber.Anti-obesity drugs can also be effective in conjunction with a healthy diet, reducing one’s appetite and/or fat absorption. Some obese people require stomach or bowel reduction surgery in order to lose w eight. The smaller stomach allows them to consume less food and still feel full. Obesity is a leading worldwide cause of preventable death, and authorities view it as one of the most serious health problems of this century. While in some cultures, obesity is a sign of prosperity and childbearing, in the Western world, it is frequently viewed negatively.While whether to consider obesity as its own separate disease is a matter of some debate, it is certainly a factor in many physical and mental ailments. Obesity is associated with angina, myocardial infarction and between 21 and 34% of ischemic heart disease, depending on which research you read. Body-mass index levels associated with obesity also double a person’s risk of heart failure and deep-vein thrombosis and cause over 85% of cases of hypertension (five times the normal risk). Obesity is also associated with higher levels of LDL cholesterol and lower levels of HDL.Obesity also has a variety of dermatological affects, inc luding stretch marks, acanthosis nigricans, lymphedema, cellulitis, hirsutis and intertrigo (Bray, 2004). Obesity has also been shown to be linked with type 2 diabetes in 64% of cases in men and 77% of women’s. Sixty percent of patients diagnosed with polycystic ovarian syndrome are obese, as are six percent of the infertile. Obesity is related to many complications in pregancy, including hemorrhage, infection, increased hospital stays for the mother and increased NICU requirements for the infant.Obese women are twice as likely to require a Cesarean section and are at a high risk of preterm births and low birth weight infants. Children born of obese women have a greater risk of anencephaly and spina bifida, cardiovascular anomalies, including septal anomalies, cleft lip and palate, anorectal malformation, limb reduction anomalies, and hydrocephaly (Haslam, 2005). Obese women have a nearly double risk of stroke compared to normal-weight women, while men have twice as great a c hance. Those who are obese have a rate of dementia 1. times greater than those of normal weight. Women obese at the age of eighteen have a greater than double chance of contracting multiple sclerosis. Obesity has also been shown to cause approximately five percent of cancers, including breast, ovarian, esophageal, colorectal, liver, pancreatic, gallbladder, stomach, endometrial, cervical, prostate, kidney, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and multiple myeloma (Bray, 2004). In addition to these physical effects, obese people are less likely to get married and make thousands less than their normal-weight counterparts, on average.Depression is also linked to obesity, though an increase in BMI has been linked to a decrease in the risk of suicide. Several studies suggest that many physicians treat obese patients differently. In a 1969 survey of physicians, obese patients were described as â€Å"weak-willed,† â€Å"ugly,† â€Å"awkward,† and â€Å"self-indulgent. † In a more recent physician survey, one of three doctors said they respond negatively to obesity, behind three other diagnostic/social categories: drug addiction, alcoholism, and mental illness. A comparable study found that two-thirds of doctors believe obese patients lack self-control, and 39 percent feel they are lazy.Two studies of nurses showed similar results. These attitudes carry over into the work world, where a job or a promotion is often denied simply because of how much one weighs. Obesity research and treatment is a very provocative subject. A 2011 article in the Journal of the American Medical Association proposes that states consider removing obese children above the 99th percentile from their homes. The author views temporary foster care as part of the remedy for childhood obesity by providing an environment where the children would be exposed to proper nutrition and activity levels.During the separation period, the parents could also be educated on the best ways to assist their child in coping with their issue. Due to the relationship between obesity and low income (low income families can’t easily afford nutritious food, and low earners are often distracted from their family issues, whether by a second job, or by concerns like drug or alcohol abuse) and education (low income families usually aren’t as educated, which bleeds over into health issues like obesity) this solution seems severe but grounded in science.Detractors point out that the home environment is only one contributing factor to obesity, and that a child’s obesity isn’t automatically considered abuse under the law. They cite studies showing that children get more of their food away from home, limiting the influence of even educated and involved parents. Also, neither the potential effectiveness of the proposal in terms of reducing obesity or the potential harm to the family unit caused by the removal have been substantiated. Psychological damage could in fac t be inflicted, both to the parents and child, by causing them to feel at fault for the obesity.This could lead to self-esteem issues, depression and more. This is without even taking into consideration the harm done by taking a child away from his or her parents, even on a temporary basis. Another treatment, as novel as the last if not as heavy-handed, is the potential for virtual-reality treatment of obesity. Virtual reality, also being used to treat psychological disorders like anxiety and addiction, allows clinicians to offer exposure therapy in the comforts of their own offices without the problems sometimes posed by actual exposure.The benefit to the patient comes from being in a safe environment where they can let themselves connect emotionally with the treatment. Virtual reality has already been shown to induce a variety of controlled changes in the body, to include the sensation of a fake limb or an out of body experience. Researchers have even used virtual reality to give male subjects the feeling of being in a female body. From this point, it's only a small leap to giving an obese person the sensation of being in a a normal-weight body.In one experiment, scientists discovered the neural systems involved in VR improvement of body image. This, combined with an adaptation of therapy used to treat post-traumatic stress disorder, is being used the help patients identify and change habits contributing to eating disorders and obesity. The first twenty minutes of the VR sessions are used for the therapist to get an understanding of the patient's concerns and experiences related to food. The patient does most of the talking, while the therapist guides the session. The second twenty minutes are devoted to the actual VR session.The simulation can create a number of environments, like a classroom, apartment, or pub, to recreate some of the experiences the patient detailed to the therapist. The simulation also includes a body-image room, where the patient can cr eate an ideal VR body and compare it to their real one. The last twenty minutes are used to discuss the patient's VR experience. In terms of ethical considerations, the first needs to be how much the government, communities and families are obligated to ensuring obese people get the treatment they need.It is very easy to dismiss obese people as having â€Å"done it to themselves,† since many cases could simply be prevented by eating better and exercising more. Mental illnesses are, by and large, viewed differently by much of the public than physical ailments. A person who doubled in size due to a war injury that prevented them from exercising, for instance, would likely garner more sympathy than a person who simply doubled in size because they went to McDonald's four times a week. This, of course, influences the discussion on how much the government should be obligated to pay for medical care of the obese.Much like the arguments against smokers being covered by public assista nce against the effects of their bad habit, a case can be made for whether tax dollars should pay for an obese person's weight-reduction surgery or triple bypass. While the legitimacy of these concerns can probably never be agreed upon yet by the majority, the government's responsibility to educate people on preventative measures and healthy choices cannot be minimized, and the effects of those programs should not be overlooked.Some scientists acknowledge the responsibility of the obese for their conditions, but believe that it should only be a treatment focus if it did not harm the patient's mental health. Those scientists also take issue with the public opinion stigma against obese people, due to the additional burden it places on patients. In the Western world especially, obese people are often considered lazy, overeaters or both. It is not ethical to assume this is true in all cases, those researchers say, and not ethical to create policy or legislation based on those assumption s, either.Those assumptions can only be used positively in the shaping of preventative suggestions (anyone will benefit from more exercise and better eating, obese or not, so it's acceptable to suggest them to everyone). Another consideration is what obese patients themselves consider acceptable in terms of treatment. Studies sow that obese adults prefer interventions that are non-commercial, don't fall back on common stereotypes and promote lifestyle changes (health initiatives and exercise) rather than simple weight loss (dieting, bariatric surgery).Care should be taken to ensure that treatment of obese patients does not impact their mental health negatively, by reinforcing social stigmas, negative self-image, instilling disregard for the positive social and cultural aspects of eating, disregarding the patient's privacy and personal freedom in decision-making. One model, the Nuffield Council on Bioethics stewardship model of public health, recommends public programs that do not at tempt to coerce adults to lead healthy lives, minimize introduction of interventions with-out consent; and minimize interventions that are unduly intrusive and in con? ct with personal values. The stewardship model also incorporates an intervention ladder, ranging from ‘no intervention’ to ‘eliminating choice’ altogether. Eliminating choice, under this model, would be reserved for serious public health issues, such as an infectious patient requiring quarantine in order to ensure the safety of the general population—something obviously more serious than an obese patient. Restricting choice would take the form of removing unhealthy ingredients or foods from stores and restaurants (as in the recent limit on the size of fountain drinks in New York City).Guiding through disincentives or incentives is on another level of the spectrum, by making it not worth a person's effort to do something, or vice versa—higher medical insurance premiums for obese people who are doing it to themselves, for example. It is a model that clearly illustrates ways in which the government can support public health without becoming overbearing and infringing on people's rights. In summary, obesity is a major public health issue with far reaching consequences to a fair majority of the population. It is detrimental to those who suffer from it, both mentally and physically.Its physical effects are literally a head-to-toe list of increases risks of illness and injuries. Its mental effects include damage to patients' self-image, which can bleed over into how the patient deals with work, social situations, parenting and every other aspect of life. There are numerous factors involved in an obese person's condition; genetics, upbringing, cultural values and mores, living environment and socio-economics. Some people become obese due to pre-existing medical concerns, while others achieve the condition by eating the wrong things and not exercising enough.Once t hey do reach an obesity-qualifying body-mass index level, they can expect (in the Western world, at least), they can be expected to be held responsible for their condition no matter how it was reached, and to be treated differently simply because they're not at a normal weight. Treatments for obesity range from the tried-and-true to the newfangled and from therapeutic to overbearing, with varying degrees of efficacy. Some involve the government, while others simply a life coach, dietician or trainer. Opinions on how to handle obesity fall at varying points on a wide spectrum.The most logical source of information on how obese people should be treated—obese people themselves—tend to prefer an approach that helps them change their lives as a whole in order to lose weight and prevent harmful behaviors, rather than one that consists merely of a change in diet with no measures against become obese again at a later date. The ethical concerns in treating obesity include how t o best treat obesity without making the patient feel worse about their problem and how much responsibility should be borne by someone other than the obese person themselves (i. . , the government). Future treatments for obesity may very well take a more holistic approach rather than simply tackling the separate components of diet and exercise. Scientists have taken steps toward mapping the areas of the brain involved with impulse control and self-image, and developing ways of modifying behaviors using this information may prove useful in stemming the tide. Similar discoveries may fuel new ways of educating people on how to prevent obesity in the future as well, rather than only ways of reversing it after the fact.And of course, the more understanding we have of obesity and its causes, the more tolerant and accepting we should become as a whole towards people suffering from it. References What is Obesity? (2012) Retrieved December 7, 2012, from http://www. webmd. com/diet/what-is-obe sity Bray GA (2004). Medical consequences of obesity. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. Haslam DW, James WP (2005). Obesity. Lancet Childhood Obesity Prevention. (2012). In Root Cause. Retrieved October 14, 2012, from http://rootcause. org/childhood-obesity-preventionObesity Facts, Causes, Emotional Aspects and When to Seek Help. (2012). In WebMD. Retrieved October 14, 2012, from http://www. webmd. com/diet/what-is-obesity? page=2 Pinel, J. P. J. (2009). Biopsychology (7th ed. ). Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon Hahler B (June 2006). An overview of dermatological conditions commonly associated with the obese patient. Arendas K, Qiu Q, Gruslin A (June 2008). â€Å"Obesity in pregnancy: pre-conceptional to postpartum consequences†. Calle EE, Rodriguez C, Walker-Thurmond K, Thun MJ (April 2003). Overweight, obesity, and mortality from cancer in a prospectively studied cohort of U. S. adults†. Relationship Between Poverty and Overweight or Obesity. Retrieved December 7, 2012, from htt p://frac. org/initiatives/hunger-and-obesity/are-low-income-people-at-greater-risk-for-overweight-or-obesity/ Meetoo D. The imperative of human obesity: an ethical reflection. Br J Nurs 2010; 19: 563–8. Nuffield Council on Bioethics. Public health: ethical issues. London: Nuffield Council on Bioethics; 2007. Available at: http://www. nuffieldbioethics. org/public-health (Cited 9 December 2011).

Loyalty as Defined in the Odyssey Essay - 946 Words

Loyalty, as defined in the Odyssey seems to be the constant devotion to someone, the hopefully longing of their return and victory. Homer seems to value loyalty over many of the other human traits, as Eumaeus gets not only Homer’s famous â€Å"you† but his own book as well. The swineherd is not the only character that Homer uses to show loyalty, Penelope and Telemachus show unyielding faithfulness to Odysseus throughout the epic poem; as do many other characters even gods. Homer demonstrates the value he places on loyalty through the use of these characters with their devotion to Odysseus. Through the use of these characters Homer shows the value of loyalty by their loyalty to Odysseus. Telemachus shows unwavering devotion to a man he does†¦show more content†¦One of the first times Homer introduces the radiant woman she is weeping of Odysseus, this happens over and over in the epic poem. Though it has been years Penelope continues to grieve and hope for Odyss eus. Through Eumaeus the read finds out that not only does she grieve for him but she actively seeks information about him. â€Å"Why, any tramp washed up on Ithaca’s shores/ scurries right to my mistress, babbling lies/ and she ushers him in, kindly, pressing for details/ and the warm tears of grief come trickling down her cheeks/ the loyal wife’s way when her husband’s died abroad.†(pg. 305; 147 – 151) â€Å"The loyal wife’s way,† Penelope not only presses for information but does so in a way that everyone sees how strong and loyal she is to Odysseus. However her active grieving is not the only way Penelope shows her loyalty, suggesting that Homer believes loyalty to be complete devotion. Penelope also spurs the suitors as much as she can; begging for time, making promises she never intends to keep. Such is the case with the shroud that she weaves by day and unweaves at night, saying that she will re-marry as soon as she has finishe d it. (pg. 395) Not only does Penelope scheme away but she also claims that without Odysseus she is nothing like her former self, â€Å"what praise I’d won the deathless gods destroyed that day the Achaeans/ sailed away to Troy, my husband on their ships, /† (pg. 383 281-Show MoreRelatedThe Codes Of Fidelity And Hospitality In Modern Society706 Words   |  3 Pagesit was very essential to follow codes of behavior. In the first half of odyssey there are several codes of behavior spotted like hospitality, vengenance, fidelity, household loyalty, and reverence. The particular types of codes of behavior that will be discussed in this essay are fidelity and hospitality. Hospitality is an important aspect in society where guests are treated as though they were god. Fidelity code is loyalty between husband and wife being loyal to each other. Both codes will be takenRead MoreOdyssey Code Of Behavior Essay808 Words   |  4 Pagesexpected to follow. 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Penelope is Odysseus faithful wife who not only doesnt re-marry but also keeps hope that Odysseus is still alive and willRead More Loyalty in Homers Odyssey Essay601 Words   |  3 PagesRelationships in Homers Odyssey Loyalty is heroic. Loyalty is defined as faithfulness or devotion to a person, cause, obligations, or duties. In Homers Odyssey one can see loyalty in many forms. Odysseus is loyal to the gods whom he realized held his life in their hands. Penelope was loyal to Odysseus, while trying not to offend the rude suitors. Telemachus was loyal to a father whom he only knew from the stories he had been told. Time and time again we see loyalty in the strongest sense, completeRead MoreAn Analysis of Loyalty in Homer’s Odyssey1555 Words   |  7 PagesAn Analysis of Loyalty in Homer’s Odyssey In short, The Odyssey is a story of the war hero Odysseus’ pain and suffering caused by the extensive separation from his family and home during the chronicle of events after the fall of Troy. 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Loyalty is a broadRead MoreThe Odyssey And The Symposium1620 Words   |  7 Pagesindulging in some of the â€Å"great books† that include The Odyssey and The Symposium, I can say that these readings, without a doubt, can and will influence and shape the way we understand our lives. This essay will defend the notion that these â€Å"great books,† The Symposium; The poems: Ulysses, Ithaka and Penelope are considered to be fundamentally vital to the human condition. These great readings take us on a journey, a journey of love, loyalty, Perseverance, faith, and the goodness of life. The stories

Christianity And The Nature Of God - 1420 Words

If one is to write about Christianity and the nature of God, one must have a foundation to rely upon. Both theology and our epistemological queries concerning God must be crafted from a source. Michael Bird in his Evangelical Theology notes that the prolegomena or things we say before saying anything about God must be predicated upon a critical source. This source is God’s Word and is revealed in multiple ways. If one is to conduct a Credo or apologetic stance of his Christian faith, this person ought to explain how God reveals Godself, especially through the Biblical text, but also potentially through creation. God revealing Godself through the God’s Word is also known as Special Revelation; whereas, God revealing God’s personality through creation is known as General Revelation or Natural Theology. First and foremost, there is a significant debate concerning the possibility of Natural Theology. Emil Bruner and Karl Barth famously debated this in the 1930â€⠄¢s as Barth argued that only the Holy Spirit can illuminate the person of God so that God is revealed to humanity. Without the illumination of the Holy Spirit, humanity is too deep in their sin to see God’s handiwork throughout creation. John Calvin, on the other hand, believes that the knowledge of God has been naturally implanted in the minds of humanity. To prevent humanity from pretending that they were never aware of God’s existence, God implants knowledge of God’s divine majesty. Additionally, Calvin believes thatShow MoreRelatedThe Unexamined Life Is Not Worth Living1629 Words   |  7 Pagesthe nature of happiness and the ways for attaining happiness. Among those wise views of history’s greatest thinkers, this paper will examine the Epictetus’s Enchiridion philosophy and Christianity. 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Christianity has had a continuous and complex history of development through the early Church Councils that formulated the creeds, the emergence of theology, the schism between Roman and orthodox Christianity in the eleventh century .All Christians are the followers of the Christ, the Jesus. Christian culture is totally based up on the death of the Christ, the one who died for the fellow children. Why

Essay on Epidemiology and Communicable Diseases HIV

Epidemiology Communicable Diseases HIV or the Human Deficiency virus is like other viruses including the flu, but the one thing that makes this virus so different than any other is that the body is unable to clear this one out completely. Once someone is infected, there is no cure. Over time, HIV can also hide or mask itself in the bodys cells. The cells within a persons body that fight off infection are called CD4 cells or T cells. HIV attacks these cells and copies or replicates itself inside these cells, then destroys them. HIV over time will destroy so many of these cells that the body is unable to fight off infection anymore. When this starts happening, AIDS or Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome happens which is the final stage†¦show more content†¦Specific skin cancers including Kaposis Sarcoma and lymphomas also happen in patients who are HIV positive† (Mayo Clinic, 2013). Antivirals are the treatment for HIV and presently there is no known cure. Treatment most often involves combinations of different drugs to avoid creating strains of the virus that are immune to single drug treatments (Mayo Clinic, 2013). The number of CD4 or T cells monitors treatment response. The viral load should be undetectable while undergoing antiviral therapy. The count is checked when treatment starts and usually monitored every 3-6 months. Even if someone has an undetectable viral load, the spreading of HIV is still a possibility. According to estimates and numbers provided by the CDC, about one and a half million people 13 years of age and younger is HIV positive. Demographics also show that almost 20% of people who are infected do not know they have the virus. The CDC estimates that now every year, there are about 50,000 new cases diagnosed (2013). At risk groups include gay men, bisexual people, and African Americans (CDC, 2013). Young African American males are at greatest risk for contracting HIV among various ethnicities and races (CDC, 2013). An individuals risk for HIV or social determinants of health related to HIV is income, education, geographic region, poverty, gender orientation, early childhood experiences, and alcohol or substance abuse. The CDCShow MoreRelatedThe Human Immunodeficiency Virus ( Hiv )1529 Words   |  7 PagesJose Grand Canyon University: HIV Known as a Communicable Disease A communicable disease is known an illness that results from an infectious agent that occurs through transmission either indirectly or directly, from an infected individual. The human immunodeficiency virus is considered a communicable disease, and will be explored further in relation to the concepts of epidemiology and the role of the community health nurse. 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Safety from the Inside Out Rethinking Traditional Approaches Free Essays

â€Å"Safety from the Inside Out: Rethinking Traditional Approaches† by Alfie Kohn aims to educate the public regarding the real threat of violence to children. While school shootings and other violent crimes that happen on school grounds gain a lot of media attention, it is far more likely for a child to become the victim of violence off school grounds (Kohn, 2004, 33). Further, children are more likely to suffer from violence at the hands of an adult rather than at the hands of their peers (Kohn, 2004, 33). We will write a custom essay sample on Safety from the Inside Out: Rethinking Traditional Approaches or any similar topic only for you Order Now However, the issue of school violence is analyzed along with the mistaken assumptions of how to respond to school violence. The problem the article tries to address is how to create policy that will be both effective as well as reduce violent acts committed against children while on school grounds. There are several terms that must be defined in order to present a clear picture of the issue. The first is violence which by definition means attempting to or engaging in actions with the goal of inflicting bodily harm or death. This definition is important when discussing violence both in schools and off school grounds. Technical fixes is another definition that directly relates to this article. Technical fixes are technologically advanced pieces of equipment designed to reduce violence and include such things as metal detectors and video cameras. The final term to be defined is zero tolerance. Zero tolerance is the idea that any type of violence or intent to become violent be dealt with swiftly according to a designated set of strict consequences. In response to these definitions, the author of the article assumes that the vast majority of Americans equate violence against students as being violence that happens at school. The author also assumes that Americans believe that technical fixes and zero tolerance policies will solve the problem of violence against students (Kohl, 2004, 34). The orientation of the article strives to make sense of the misguided assumptions that Americans have with regards towards violence against students (Kohn, 2004, 34). It builds upon existing research that proves that teaching anti violence skills to students isn’t enough. The author proposes that students must also be taught how to apply these skills if violence prevention is going to be effective (Kohn, 2004, 35). Further, the author discusses behaviorism and the tendency for humans to preoccupy themselves with behavior rather than looking deeper at the values, reasons and motives behind certain behaviors (Kohn, 2004, 35). Finally, the author argues that when skill based prevention does not work then technical fixes are the answer to the problem (Kohn, 2004, 36). The research the author completed for this article disproves many of these assumptions. Using research as his method, Kohn discovered several discrepancies between what Americans believe and what students actually report about violence. For example, Kohn’s research shows that zero tolerance policies have the opposite of their intended effect. Instead of making students feel safer, zero tolerance policies actually make them feel less safe (Kohn, 2004, 36). Additionally, zero tolerance policies don’t make schools any safer than they were before (Kohn, 2004, 36). As part of his research, Kohn suggests that the threats of zero tolerance policies can be replaced with safe school environment where students are taught to trust and protect one another (Kohn, 2004, 36). Kohn also discovered that teaching students anti violence skills is not as effective as creating schools that are committed to the value of peace so that the physical safety of students is protected (Kohn, 2004, 36). The solution to the article seems to be getting rid of zero tolerance policies that turn children into criminals and replacing them with policies that promote peace and trust among students (Kohn, 2004, 36). According to the author, the consequence of not doing so will ensure that school violence remains a problem. Personally speaking, I think Alfie Kohn has noble goals and ideas to keep children safe at school. However, creating peaceable schools is very difficult because it seems impossible to instill peace values into every single student. The reality is that there will always be a few students who do not care about peace and would rather cause trouble through violence. At the same time, Kohn raises some important questions that I think should be addressed and considered as schools continue to search for a solution to the problem of school violence. How to cite Safety from the Inside Out: Rethinking Traditional Approaches, Papers

Building Management Skills

Question: Describe about the Building Management Skills? Answer: Introduction: According to Daft and Marcic (2014) performance of global team can be affected due to high cultural diversity. The current assignment deals with analysis of the problems for managing global teams. Some recommendations are also made for managing global teams. 1. Case study Review: Challenges caused by geographical and cultural diversity: Analysis on the case study indicates that the major challenges which were faced by both ART and ITC team were lack of communication, lack of infrastructure in ITC team and lack of participation in ART team with the designing process. According to the case study, both ITC and ART team was physically separated. The case study also indicates that designing of the new product was mainly done by experts of ITC team. ITC, being a small company of India did not possess infrastructure of high quality. Although ART possessed advanced infrastructure, the organisation had not participated with the designing and new product development process actively. Lack of participation led to failure of product development strategies (Govindarajan and Gupta, 2002).In case of global teams, cultural differences impact negatively on the functioning of teams (Daim et al., 2012). Approaches for addressing challenges: The current case study reflects that a special team was developed for successful completion of new product designing project. As this special team included experts from both ITC and ART units, this new unit was more effective to minimize the problems regarding virtual teams. 1.2 Strategies for managing virtual teams: The problems related with management of global team can be minimized by developing team charter and adapting proper communication model. Development of team charters: According to Kerzner (2014) development of team charter is effective to reduce the problems relate with culturally diverse teams. In case of highly diverse teams, role of leader is important for improving the performance. Development of team charter enables the physically separated units to select a leader effectively. Lane and Maznevski (2014) stated that development of team charter enables an organisation to identify the need of external coaches. Members of a culturally diverse team may disagree on the process of team functioning and thus the effectiveness of teams may be reduced (McDonough et al., 2001). Use of team charter can reduce the number of conflicts as it suggests policies suitable for all members. Adaptation of MCDM (Multi-criteria Decision models): Mobley et al. (2012) opined that use of multi criteria decision model for teams which are involved in technological developments. Adaptation of MCDM not only provides a project team with the ideas regarding required equipments, but adaptation of this model also benefits a team by providing information on investment policies. 1.3 Recommendations for Filtration unit: Filtration unit of ART is mainly facing two problems- lack of coordination due to physical separation and requirement of huge investment. Analysis made in the previous sections indicates that these problems can be analysed by using project charter and modifying the decision making process. Development of project charter: As ART and ITC team belong to US and India respectively, cultural diversity is high within the unit. From the case study, it is evident that both the teams do not co-ordinate with each other. Although ART possess advanced infrastructure, ITC cannot access this infrastructure due to lack of collaboration among these units. ITC management should develop a project charter so that both the teams can work in collaboration with each other. Adaptation of MCDM: Although the project of new product development is failing to deliver any new product successfully, it requires investment of huge capital for final test. However filtration unit of ART should adopt MCDM to identify the alternative ways of investment 2. SWOT analysis of Filtration unit: Strength Advanced infrastructure Technological expertise of members Management strategies for implementing innovation Weakness Lack of discipline Lack of collaboration with other units Relying on outsourcing Opportunities New innovative products Launching products for emerging markets Joint ventures with other teams Threats Failure for developing new product Lack of sales fore casting knowledge Lack of capital for investment Table 1: SWOT for filtration unit Although ART unit possess experts with deep knowledge in modern technology, new product development strategies of the management can be considered as the most important among its strengths. As the management focus on developing new products, experts in the research and development team are utilized effectively. However, effectiveness of management strategies is reduced due to lack of discipline in the team. Although there are other weaknesses, functionality of the team is affected more due to lack of discipline. Although members of the team contribute significantly for making their project successful, performance of the whole team degrades due to lack of coordination among members. Inefficient outsourcing strategies also impact greatly on the performance of a team (Wilson and L. Doz, 2015). According to Daim et al., (2012) maintaining proper communication is important for ensuring successful completion of a project. As the filtration unit of ART relies on outsourcing and does not co- ordinate with their business partners, most of their project fails to deliver required outcomes. However, management of the unit focuses on new product development and successful completion of such projects can improve profitability of the unit. Performance of the team also can be improved by making joint ventures with other units and launching products for emerging markets. As the members of filtration unit lack sufficient knowledge for sales forecasting, effectiveness of new strategies can be reduced. However continuous failure of projects and lack of funding can also impact on the new product development strategies. 3. Decision for investment: Analysis on the current case study indicates that Vyas should invest on the new product development project. Findings of the market analysis indicate that demand for the product will be very high if it is launched successfully. It indicates that successful completion of the product development project can increases the profitability of filtration unit. Currently, the filtration unit is failing to develop the product as it is failing to manage global team. However Vyas should develop team charter and proper communication model to minimize such problems. Conclusion: Analysis made in this assignment indicates that functionality of a global team can be affected due to communication problems. Such problems can be minimized using advanced technology and proper communication models. References Daft, R. and Marcic, D. (2014). Building management skills. Mason, Ohio: South-Western Cengage Learning. Daim, T., Ha, A., Reutiman, S., Hughes, B., Pathak, U., Bynum, W. and Bhatla, A. (2012). Exploring the communication breakdown in global virtual teams. International Journal of Project Management, 30(2), pp.199-212. Govindarajan, V. and Gupta, A. (2002). Building an effective global business team. IEEE Engineering Management Review, 30(2), pp.28-28. Kerzner, H. (2014). Project management best practices. Hoboken: Wiley. Lane, H. and Maznevski, M. (2014). International Management Behavior. Hoboken: Wiley. McDonough, E., Kahnb, K. and Barczaka, G. (2001). An investigation of the use of global, virtual, and colocated new product development teams. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 18(2), pp.110-120. Mobley, W., Li, M. and Wang, Y. (2012). Advances in global leadership. Bingley, U.K.: Emerald. Wilson, K. and L. Doz, Y. (2015). Traditional best practices wont work. You need a stricter, more top-down playbook.